Journal of Computational Applied Mechanics

Determination of hydraulic characteristics of flow over a triangular sectioned weir by using experimental and numerical modeling.

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Civil Engineering Department, Engineering and Natural Science Faculty, Konya Technical University, Konya, Turkey

2 Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cankaya University, Ankara, Turkey

Abstract

The spillways of hydraulic structures transfer excessive water from dam reservoir to the downstream in a safe and controlled manner. A labyrinth or triangular weir is a flat spillway folded in plain view. The labyrinth weirs provide an increase in crest length for a given channel width and increase the flow capacity for a given weir load. As a result of the increased flow capacity, the labyrinth and triangular weirs require less space in the dam body than the flat weirs. In this study, experiments were carried out on the labyrinth weirs containing triangles of different heights and numbers by using 3 different weir heights (P=20cm, 30cm, and 40 cm) and 4 different weir shapes. Each experiment was repeated for 30 different discharge values. The effects of weir height and weir shape on the total head over the weir (HT) and discharge (Q) were investigated. In addition, the numerical models of all experimental setups were created by ANSYS-Fluent program using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). By comparing the results obtained from the numerical models with the physical models, the accuracy of the numerical models was tested. According to the results, as the number of the triangles (N) of the weir increases, the discharge coefficient (Cd) decreases. The weir height (P) does not have a major effect on the discharge.

Keywords

[1]   Ş. Y. Kumcu, and M. Uçar, "Effect of Experimental and Mathematical Modeling of Spillway on Dam Safety," Advances in Safety Management and Human Factors. pp. 296-305.
[2]   P. R. Wormleaton, and E. Soufiani, “Aeration performance of triangular planform labyrinth weirs,” Journal of Environmental Engineering-Asce, vol. 124, no. 8, pp. 709-719, Aug, 1998.
[3]   P. R. Wormleaton, and C. C. Tsang, “Aeration performance of rectangular planform labyrinth weirs,” Journal of Environmental Engineering-Asce, vol. 126, no. 5, pp. 456-465, May, 2000.
[4]   B. M. Crookston, “LABYRINTH WEIRS,” Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 2010.
[5]   B. Gentilini, “Stramazzi con cresta a pianta obli-qua e zigzag,” Mem. e Stud. del Reg. Politec. di Milano, vol. 48, pp. 1-12, 1941.
[6]   M. Kozák, and J. Sváb, “Tört alaprajzú bukók laboratóriumi vizsgálatatle,” Hidrológiai Közlöny, vol. 5, pp. 376-378, 1961.
[7]   N. Hay, and G. Taylor, “Performance and Design of Labyrinth Weirs,” Journal of the Hydraulics Division, vol. 96, no. 11, pp. 2337-2357, 1970.
[8]   L. A. Darvas, “Discussion of “Performance and Design of Labyrinth Weirs&#x201d,” Journal of the Hydraulics Division, vol. 97, no. 8, pp. 1246-1251, 1971.
[9]   J. J. Cassidy, C. A. Gardner, and R. T. Peacock, “Boardman Labyrinth—Crest Spillway,” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, vol. 111, no. 3, pp. 398-416, 1985.
[10] J. P. Tullis, N. Amanian, and D. Waldron, “Design of Labyrinth Spillways,” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering-Asce, vol. 121, no. 3, pp. 247-255, Mar, 1995.
[11] A. Ghaderi, R. Daneshfaraz, S. Abbasi et al., “Numerical analysis of the hydraulic characteristics of modified labyrinth weirs,” International Journal of Energy and Water Resources, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 425-436, 2020.
[12] C. Torres, D. Borman, A. Sleigh et al., “Application of Three-Dimensional CFD VOF to Characterize Free-Surface Flow over Trapezoidal Labyrinth Weir and Spillway,” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, vol. 147, no. 3, pp. 04021002, 2021.
[13] A. Yildiz, A. Yarar, S. Y. Kumcu et al., “Numerical and ANFIS modeling of flow over an ogee-crested spillway,” Applied Water Science, vol. 10, no. 4, Mar 13, 2020.
[14] M. Mohammadi, A. Farajpour, M. Goodarzi et al., “Numerical study of the effect of shear in-plane load on the vibration analysis of graphene sheet embedded in an elastic medium,” Computational Materials Science, vol. 82, pp. 510-520, Feb, 2014.
[15] C. W. Hirt, and B. D. Nichols, “Volume of Fluid (Vof) Method for the Dynamics of Free Boundaries,” Journal of Computational Physics, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 201-225, 1981.
[16] J. H. Ferziger, and M. Perić, "Solution of the Navier-Stokes Equations," Computational Methods for Fluid Dynamics, pp. 157-216, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002.
[17] F. Moukalled, L. Mangani, and M. Darwish, "Erratum to: The Finite Volume Method in Computational Fluid Dynamics," The Finite Volume Method in Computational Fluid Dynamics: An Advanced Introduction with OpenFOAM® and Matlab, pp. E1-E1, Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016.
[18] B. M. Crookston, and B. P. Tullis, “Hydraulic Design and Analysis of Labyrinth Weirs. I: Discharge Relationships,” Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, vol. 139, no. 5, pp. 363-370, 2013.
Journal of Computational Applied Mechanics
Volume 52, Issue 2
June 2021
Pages 215-232
  • Receive Date: 31 January 2021
  • Revise Date: 16 February 2021
  • Accept Date: 17 February 2021