Journal of Computational Applied Mechanics

Computational Analysis of Natural Convection Heat Transfer in Nanofluids Under a Uniform Magnetic Field Using Levenberg–Marquardt Backpropagation Neural Networks

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 23200, Pakistan

2 Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Humanities in Alkharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia

3 College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 54200, Kuwait

Abstract

This study examines heat transfer by natural convection between two infinitely parallel plates in hybrid nanofluids under a homogeneous magnetic field. It seeks to evaluate how well LMBNs predict nonlinear magnetoconvective flows. Using a similarity variable-based mathematical model, the governing partial differential equations are converted to ordinary differential equations. Using the traditional fourth-order Runge–Kutta approach, these equations are then solved numerically to provide reference data. A thorough study examines how temperature and velocity profiles are affected by several crucial dimensionless factors, including the Brownian motion parameter, squeezing number, Hartmann number, Schmidt number, and Eckert number. Results show that while raising the Hartmann number from 1 to 3 lowers the maximum velocity by almost 22%, raising the Eckert number from 0.1 to 0.5 increases the peak temperature by around 18%. With regression correlations exceeding 0.9999, the LMBNN model has prediction errors as low as 10⁻¹¹ to 10⁻¹², showing better accuracy than standard numerical interpolation techniques. The originality of this study comes from combining traditional numerical analysis with LMBNN training to produce a really accurate, data-driven surrogate model for nanofluid flows under magnetoconvection. This hybrid computational technique provides an effective instrument for forecasting heat transfer behavior in magnetic field-affected engineering applications.

Keywords

Main Subjects

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Journal of Computational Applied Mechanics
Volume 57, Issue 1
January 2026
Pages 41-62
  • Receive Date: 08 August 2025
  • Revise Date: 03 October 2025
  • Accept Date: 10 October 2025