[1] K. Haugen, O. Kvernvold, A. Ronold, R. Sandberg, Sand erosion of wear-resistant materials: Erosion in choke valves, Wear, Vol. 186, pp. 179-188, 1995.
[2] B. McLaury, J. Wang, S. Shirazi, J. Shadley, E. Rybicki, Solid particle erosion in long radius elbows and straight pipes, in Proceeding of, Society of Petroleum Engineers, pp.
[3] A. Forder, M. Thew, D. Harrison, A numerical investigation of solid particle erosion experienced within oilfield control valves, Wear, Vol. 216, No. 2, pp. 184-193, 1998.
[4] G. Parslow, D. Stephenson, J. Strutt, S. Tetlow, Investigation of solid particle erosion in components of complex geometry, Wear, Vol. 233, pp. 737-745, 1999.
[5] A. Kavner, T. S. Duffy, G. Shen, Phase stability and density of FeS at high pressures and temperatures: implications for the interior structure of Mars, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 185, No. 1, pp. 25-33, 2001.
[6] J. Jin, J. Fan, X. Zhang, K. Cen, Numerical simulation of the tube erosion resulted from particle impacts, Wear, Vol. 250, No. 1, pp. 114-119, 2001.
[7] J. Fan, K. Luo, X. Zhang, K. Cen, Large eddy simulation of the anti-erosion characteristics of the ribbed-bend in gas-solid flows, Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power, Vol. 126, No. 3, pp. 672-679, 2004.
[8] T. Deng, M. Patel, I. Hutchings, M. Bradley, Effect of bend orientation on life and puncture point location due to solid particle erosion of a high concentration flow in pneumatic conveyors, Wear, Vol. 258, No. 1, pp. 426-433, 2005.
[9] Y. I. Oka, K. Okamura, T. Yoshida, Practical estimation of erosion damage caused by solid particle impact: Part 1: Effects of impact parameters on a predictive equation, Wear, Vol. 259, No. 1, pp. 95-101, 2005.
[10] X. Chen, B. S. McLaury, S. A. Shirazi, Numerical and experimental investigation of the relative erosion severity between plugged tees and elbows in dilute gas/solid two-phase flow, Wear, Vol. 261, No. 7, pp. 715-729, 2006.
[11] M. Habib, H. Badr, S. Said, R. Ben‐Mansour, S. Al‐Anizi, Solid‐particle erosion in the tube end of the tube sheet of a shell‐and‐tube heat exchanger, International journal for numerical methods in fluids, Vol. 50, No. 8, pp. 885-909, 2006.
[12] R. Malka, S. Nešić, D. A. Gulino, Erosion–corrosion and synergistic effects in disturbed liquid-particle flow, Wear, Vol. 262, No. 7, pp. 791-799, 2007.
[13] M. Suzuki, K. Inaba, M. Yamamoto, Numerical simulation of sand erosion in a square-section 90-degree bend, Journal of Fluid Science and Technology, Vol. 3, No. 7, pp. 868-880, 2008.
[14] P. Tang, J. Yang, J. Zheng, G. Ou, S. He, J. Ye, I. Wong, Y. Ma, Erosion-corrosion failure of REAC pipes under multiphase flow, Frontiers of Energy and Power Engineering in China, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 389-395, 2009.
[15] Y. M. Ferng, B. H. Lin, Predicting the wall thinning engendered by erosion–corrosion using CFD methodology, Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 240, No. 10, pp. 2836-2841, 2010.
[16] R. Li, A. Yamaguchi, H. Ninokata, Computational fluid dynamics study of liquid droplet impingement erosion in the inner wall of a bent pipe, Journal of Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 327-336, 2010.
[17] B. Yan, H. Gu, L. Yu, CFD analysis of the loss coefficient for a 90° bend in rolling motion, Progress in Nuclear Energy, Vol. 56, pp. 1-6, 2012.
[18] H. Zhang, Y. Tan, D. Yang, F. X. Trias, S. Jiang, Y. Sheng, A. Oliva, Numerical investigation of the location of maximum erosive wear damage in elbow: Effect of slurry velocity, bend orientation and angle of elbow, Powder Technology, Vol. 217, pp. 467-476, 2012.
[19] M. Shahbazi, S. Noori zadeh, Identification of Black Powder in Natural Gas Transmission Network, in The third scientific conference on process engineering (oil, gas refining and petrochemicals), Tehran, 2014. “(in Persian)”
[20] D. SHAFEE, K. KHORSHIDI, K. M. MORAVEJI, Numerical Analysis of Erosion/Corrosion due to Gas Flow in Pipelines and Gas Stations, 2014. “(in Persian)”
[21] H. Zhu, Q. Pan, W. Zhang, G. Feng, X. Li, CFD simulations of flow erosion and flow-induced deformation of needle valve: Effects of operation, structure and fluid parameters, Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 273, pp. 396-411, 2014.
[22] M. Droubi, R. Tebowei, S. Islam, M. Hossain, E. Mitchell, Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of Sand Erosion in 90o Sharp Bend Geometry, 2016.