Pulsatile Nanofluid Flow and Nanoparticle Transport in a Stenosed Bifurcated Artery

Pervaiz, Zeshan; Mehmood, Obaid Ullah; Zeeshan, Ahmed; Riaz, Arshad; Kadiov, Islom

doi:10.22059/jcamech.2026.417757.1872

Pulsatile Nanofluid Flow and Nanoparticle Transport in a Stenosed Bifurcated Artery

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Zeshan Pervaiz ¹

Obaid Ullah Mehmood ²

Ahmed Zeeshan ³ ^{, 4}

Arshad Riaz ⁵

Islom Kadiov ⁶

¹ Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Faculty of Science, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan

² Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Wah Campus, Islamabad, 47040, Pakistan

³ Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea

⁴ Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Faculty of Science, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan

⁵ Department of Mathematics, University of Education, Jauharabad Campus, Pakistan

⁶ Department of Mathematics, Urgench State University, Uzbekistan

10.22059/jcamech.2026.417757.1872

Abstract

This work presents an analytical model for pulsatile nanofluid flow and coupled heat-mass transport in a stenosed bifurcated artery. Flow is modeled as an incompressible laminar nanofluid, and the governing continuity, momentum, energy and concentration equations are formulated in cylindrical coordinates with stenosis on the outer wall of the parent branch. A radial coordinate transformation consistent with the nonuniform arterial radius is employed to derive modified forms of the energy and concentration equationsalong with thermophoresis (Soret effect) and curvature induced spatial gradients are retained. After nondimensionalization, the resulting system for axial velocity, temperature and concentration in the parent and daughter branches is solved under physiological boundary conditions, and the influence of key dimensionless groups is examined parametrically. The results show that increasing nanoparticle volume fraction, thermal expansion coefficient, Grashof number, Brownian motion parameter and Soret number enhances axial velocity and elevates core temperature in both parent and daughter segments, while higher Lewis number reduces both temperature and concentration fields, due to diffusive damping mechanism. Lewis numbers, indicating intensified nanoparticle dispersion, whereas the daughter branches exhibit non‑monotonic concentration behavior that reflects the competing roles of geometry and thermo diffusion in downstream nanoparticle delivery. These findings provide a mechanistic basis for optimizing nanoparticle assisted drug delivery and thermal therapies in stenosed bifurcated arterial networks.

Keywords

Nanofluid

Bifurcated geometry

Stenosed channel

Brownian motion

Thermophoresis

Soret effect

Subjects

Nano-fluid, phenomena wetting phenomena, numerical methods

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