ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Numerical simulation of the effect of particle size on the erosion damage in ball valves of pressure reducing station
Ball valve is one of valves that have many applications in industry especially in gas delivery systems. This kind of valve is categorized in the on - off flow control valve. This study aims to investigate unusual application of ball valve to control fluid flow in industry and its destructive effect including erosion of ball and body of valve. Simulation of industrial ball valve is done using ANSYS Fluent software and effect of erosion on it is investigated in different working conditions. In this article, working condition is performed regarding 2 different concentrations for suspended particles as well as four positions of ball in different angles. We assess the effect of increased particle diameter on the rate of erosion for three diameters (3.86e-6 m , 267.45e-6 m and 531.03e-6 m) in four conditions of valve (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) and two different concentrations of particle (3% and 6%). It is shown that rate of erosion is increased with increased particle diameters in 25%, 50% and 75% open state of valve. On the contrary, the results show that opposite rule governs complete open state. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that increase in particle diameter decreases the area of erosion in four conditions of valve.
https://jcamech.ut.ac.ir/article_64776_f2446154195482b8c5d277480ca5d119.pdf
2021-03-01
1
11
10.22059/jcamech.2018.246057.219
Ball valve
erosion
Particle diameter
simulation
Amir
Askari
amiraskari36@yahoo.com
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Falavand Jozaei
falavand78@yahoo.com
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
[1] K. Haugen, O. Kvernvold, A. Ronold, R. Sandberg, Sand erosion of wear-resistant materials: Erosion in choke valves, Wear, Vol. 186, pp. 179-188, 1995.
1
[2] B. McLaury, J. Wang, S. Shirazi, J. Shadley, E. Rybicki, Solid particle erosion in long radius elbows and straight pipes, in Proceeding of, Society of Petroleum Engineers, pp.
2
[3] A. Forder, M. Thew, D. Harrison, A numerical investigation of solid particle erosion experienced within oilfield control valves, Wear, Vol. 216, No. 2, pp. 184-193, 1998.
3
[4] G. Parslow, D. Stephenson, J. Strutt, S. Tetlow, Investigation of solid particle erosion in components of complex geometry, Wear, Vol. 233, pp. 737-745, 1999.
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[5] A. Kavner, T. S. Duffy, G. Shen, Phase stability and density of FeS at high pressures and temperatures: implications for the interior structure of Mars, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 185, No. 1, pp. 25-33, 2001.
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[6] J. Jin, J. Fan, X. Zhang, K. Cen, Numerical simulation of the tube erosion resulted from particle impacts, Wear, Vol. 250, No. 1, pp. 114-119, 2001.
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[7] J. Fan, K. Luo, X. Zhang, K. Cen, Large eddy simulation of the anti-erosion characteristics of the ribbed-bend in gas-solid flows, Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power, Vol. 126, No. 3, pp. 672-679, 2004.
7
[8] T. Deng, M. Patel, I. Hutchings, M. Bradley, Effect of bend orientation on life and puncture point location due to solid particle erosion of a high concentration flow in pneumatic conveyors, Wear, Vol. 258, No. 1, pp. 426-433, 2005.
8
[9] Y. I. Oka, K. Okamura, T. Yoshida, Practical estimation of erosion damage caused by solid particle impact: Part 1: Effects of impact parameters on a predictive equation, Wear, Vol. 259, No. 1, pp. 95-101, 2005.
9
[10] X. Chen, B. S. McLaury, S. A. Shirazi, Numerical and experimental investigation of the relative erosion severity between plugged tees and elbows in dilute gas/solid two-phase flow, Wear, Vol. 261, No. 7, pp. 715-729, 2006.
10
[11] M. Habib, H. Badr, S. Said, R. Ben‐Mansour, S. Al‐Anizi, Solid‐particle erosion in the tube end of the tube sheet of a shell‐and‐tube heat exchanger, International journal for numerical methods in fluids, Vol. 50, No. 8, pp. 885-909, 2006.
11
[12] R. Malka, S. Nešić, D. A. Gulino, Erosion–corrosion and synergistic effects in disturbed liquid-particle flow, Wear, Vol. 262, No. 7, pp. 791-799, 2007.
12
[13] M. Suzuki, K. Inaba, M. Yamamoto, Numerical simulation of sand erosion in a square-section 90-degree bend, Journal of Fluid Science and Technology, Vol. 3, No. 7, pp. 868-880, 2008.
13
[14] P. Tang, J. Yang, J. Zheng, G. Ou, S. He, J. Ye, I. Wong, Y. Ma, Erosion-corrosion failure of REAC pipes under multiphase flow, Frontiers of Energy and Power Engineering in China, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 389-395, 2009.
14
[15] Y. M. Ferng, B. H. Lin, Predicting the wall thinning engendered by erosion–corrosion using CFD methodology, Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 240, No. 10, pp. 2836-2841, 2010.
15
[16] R. Li, A. Yamaguchi, H. Ninokata, Computational fluid dynamics study of liquid droplet impingement erosion in the inner wall of a bent pipe, Journal of Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 327-336, 2010.
16
[17] B. Yan, H. Gu, L. Yu, CFD analysis of the loss coefficient for a 90° bend in rolling motion, Progress in Nuclear Energy, Vol. 56, pp. 1-6, 2012.
17
[18] H. Zhang, Y. Tan, D. Yang, F. X. Trias, S. Jiang, Y. Sheng, A. Oliva, Numerical investigation of the location of maximum erosive wear damage in elbow: Effect of slurry velocity, bend orientation and angle of elbow, Powder Technology, Vol. 217, pp. 467-476, 2012. “(in Persian)”
18
[19] M. Shahbazi, S. Noori zadeh, Identification of Black Powder in Natural Gas Transmission Network, in The third scientific conference on process engineering (oil, gas refining and petrochemicals), Tehran, 2014. “(in Persian)”
19
[20] D. SHAFEE, K. KHORSHIDI, K. M. MORAVEJI, Numerical Analysis of Erosion/Corrosion due to Gas Flow in Pipelines and Gas Stations, 2014.
20
[21] H. Zhu, Q. Pan, W. Zhang, G. Feng, X. Li, CFD simulations of flow erosion and flow-induced deformation of needle valve: Effects of operation, structure and fluid parameters, Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 273, pp. 396-411, 2014.
21
[22] M. Droubi, R. Tebowei, S. Islam, M. Hossain, E. Mitchell, Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of Sand Erosion in 90o Sharp Bend Geometry, 2016.
22
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Slip effect on the unsteady electroosmotic and pressure-driven flows of two-layer fluids in a rectangular microchannel
Abstract of the paper: Electroosmotic flows of two-layer immiscible Newtonian fluids under the influence of time-dependent pressure gradient in the flow direction and different zeta potentials on the walls have been investigated. The slippage on channel walls is, also, considered in the mathematical model. Solutions to fluid velocities in the transformed domain are determined by using the Laplace transform with respect to the time variable and the classical method of the ordinary differential equations. The inverse Laplace transforms are obtained numerically by using Talbot’s algorithm and the improved Talbot’s algorithm. Numerical results corresponding to a time-exponential pressure gradient and translational motion with the oscillating velocity of the channel walls have been presented in graphical illustrations in order to study the fluid behaviour. It has been found that the ratio of the dielectric constant of fluid layers and the interface zeta potential difference have a significant influence on the fluid velocities.
https://jcamech.ut.ac.ir/article_75015_31c8ac3d1fe2ea5d172024c0a8649d39.pdf
2021-03-01
12
26
10.22059/jcamech.2019.288900.429
Electroosmotic flow
slip condition
layer flows
Newtonian fluids
Abdul
Rauf
abdul.rauf@aumc.edu.pk
1
department of computer science and engineering,
Air university multan campus, Pakistan
LEAD_AUTHOR
Yasir
Mahsud
yasir.mahsud@sms.edu.pk
2
PhD candidate at ABDUS SALAM SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES GC University, Lahore. 68-B, New MuslimTown, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
AUTHOR
[1] Stone, H.A., Stroock, A.D. and Ajdari, A., 2004. Engineering flows in small devices: microfluidics toward a lab-on-a-chip. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 36, pp.381-411.
1
[2] Hunter, R. J. (1981). Zeta potential in colloid science. Academic, San Diego.
2
[3] Karniadakis, G., Beskok, A. and Aluru, N., 2006. Microflows and nanoflows: fundamentals and simulation (Vol. 29). Springer Science & Business Media.
3
[4] Chang, H.T., Chen, H.S., Hsieh, M.M. and Tseng, W.L., 2000. Electrophoretic separation of DNA in the presence of electroosmotic flow. Reviews in Analytical Chemistry, 19(1), pp.45-74.
4
[5] Anderson, G.P., King, K.D., Cuttino, D.S., Whelan, J.P., Ligler, F.S., MacKrell, J.F., Bovais, C.S., Indyke, D.K. and Foch, R.J., 1999. Biological agent detection with the use of an airborne biosensor. Field Analytical Chemistry & Technology, 3(4‐5), pp.307-314.
5
[6] Chen, C.H., Zeng, S., Mikkelsen, J.C. and Santiago, J.G., 2000, November. Development of a planar electrokinetic micropump. In Proc of ASME Int Mech Eng Congress and Exposition (pp. 523-528).
6
[7] Dutta, P. and Beskok, A., 2001. Analytical solution of time periodic electroosmotic flows: analogies to Stokes’ second problem. Analytical Chemistry, 73(21), pp.5097-5102.
7
[8] Wang, X., Chen, B. and Wu, J., 2007. A semianalytical solution of periodical electro-osmosis in a rectangular microchannel. Physics of Fluids, 19(12), p.127101.
8
[9] Jian, Y., Yang, L. and Liu, Q., 2010. Time periodic electro-osmotic flow through a microannulus. Physics of Fluids, 22(4), p.042001.
9
[10] Liu, Q.S., Jian, Y.J. and Yang, L.G., 2011. Time periodic electroosmotic flow of the generalized Maxwell fluids between two micro-parallel plates. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 166(9-10), pp.478-486.
10
[11] Jian, Y.J., Liu, Q.S. and Yang, L.G., 2011. AC electroosmotic flow of generalized Maxwell fluids in a rectangular microchannel. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 166(21-22), pp.1304-1314.
11
[12] Su, J., Jian, Y. and Chang, L., 2012. Thermally fully developed electroosmotic flow through a rectangular microchannel. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 55(21-22), pp.6285-6290.
12
[13] Keh, H.J. and Tseng, H.C., 2001. Transient electrokinetic flow in fine capillaries. Journal of colloid and Interface Science, 242(2), pp.450-459.
13
[14] Deng, S.Y., Jian, Y.J., Bi, Y.H., Chang, L., Wang, H.J. and Liu, Q.S., 2012. Unsteady electroosmotic flow of power-law fluid in a rectangular microchannel. Mechanics Research Communications, 39(1), pp.9-14.
14
[15] Brask, A., Goranovic, G. and Bruus, H., 2003. Electroosmotic pumping of nonconducting liquids by viscous drag from a secondary conducting liquid. Tech Proc Nanotech, 1, pp.190-193.
15
[16] Shankar, V. and Sharma, A., 2004. Instability of the interface between thin fluid films subjected to electric fields. Journal of colloid and interface science, 274(1), pp.294-308.
16
[17] Verma, R., Sharma, A., Kargupta, K. and Bhaumik, J., 2005. Electric field induced instability and pattern formation in thin liquid films. Langmuir, 21(8), pp.3710-3721.
17
[18] Liu, M., Liu, Y., Guo, Q. and Yang, J., 2009. Modeling of electroosmotic pumping of nonconducting liquids and biofluids by a two-phase flow method. Journal of electroanalytical chemistry, 636(1-2), pp.86-92.
18
[19] Gao, Y., Wong, T.N., Yang, C. and Ooi, K.T., 2005. Transient two-liquid electroosmotic flow with electric charges at the interface. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 266(1-3), pp.117-128.
19
[20] Su, J., Jian, Y.J., Chang, L. and Li, Q.S., 2013. Transient electro-osmotic and pressure driven flows of two-layer fluids through a slit microchannel. Acta Mechanica Sinica, 29(4), pp.534-542.
20
[21] Goswami, P. and Chakraborty, S., 2011. Semi-analytical solutions for electroosmotic flows with interfacial slip in microchannels of complex cross-sectional shapes. Microfluidics and nanofluidics, 11(3), pp.255-267.
21
[22] Shit, G.C., Mondal, A., Sinha, A. and Kundu, P.K., 2016. Effects of slip velocity on rotating electro-osmotic flow in a slowly varying micro-channel. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 489, pp.249-255.
22
[23] J. Abate, P. P. Valko, Multi-precision Laplace transform inversion, Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng., 60 (2004) 979-993, doi:10.1002/nme.995.
23
[24] B. Dingfelder, J. A. C. Weideman, An improved Talbot method for numerical Laplace transform inversion, Numer. Algor., 68 (2015) 167-183, doi: 10.1007/s11075-014-9895-z.
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluating computational performances of hyperelastic models on supraspinatus tendon uniaxial tensile test data
Accurate modelling of the mechanical behaviour of tendon tissues is vital due to their essential role in the facilitation of joint mobility in humans and animals. This study focuses on the modelling of the supraspinatus tendon which helps to maintain dynamic stability at the glenohumeral joint in humans. It is observed that in sporting activities or careers that involve frequent arm abduction, injuries to this tendon are a common cause of discomfort. Therefore, this paper evaluates the relative modelling capabilities of three hyperelastic models, namely the Yeoh, Ogden and Martins material models on the tensile behaviour of three tendon specimens. We compare their fitting accuracies, convergence rates during optimisation, and the different forms of sensitivities to data-related features and initial parameter estimates. We find that the Martins model outperforms the other models in fitting accuracies; the Yeoh model has the most stable performance across all initial parameter estimates (with correlations above 99 %) and has the fastest convergence rates (above 20 and 8 times as fast as the Ogden and Martins models’ rates, respectively); and that the Ogden model does not depend on differences in the topological features of the test data. The material parameters of relevant constitutive model may be used for further development of computational models.
https://jcamech.ut.ac.ir/article_78753_def614e724257551b1dc32cbb52c7e97.pdf
2021-03-01
27
43
10.22059/jcamech.2020.310491.559
hyperelastic model
tendon tensile behavior
Sensitivity analysis
strain energy density function
Harry
Ngwangwa
ngwanhm@unisa.ac.za
1
Biomechanics Research Group, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1710, Johannesburg, South Africa.
LEAD_AUTHOR
F.
Nemavhola
f.nemavhola@gmsil.com
2
Biomechanics Research Group, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1710, Johannesburg, South Africa.
AUTHOR
[1] J.H‑C. Wang, Mechanobiology of tendon, Journal of Biomechanics, Vol. 39, No. 9, pp.1563-1582, 2006.
1
[2] A. Viidik, 1987, Biomechanics of tendons and other soft connective tissues. Testing methods and structure-function interdependence, in Biomechanics: Basic and Applied Research edited by G. Bergmann, R. Köbel, A. Rohlmann, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
2
[3] J.G. Snedeker, J. Foolen, Tendon injury and repair – A perspective on the basic mechanisms of tendon disease and future clinical therapy, Acta Biomaterialia, Vol. 63, pp. 18-36, 2017.
3
[4] Y.C. Fung, 1993, Biomechanics: Mechanical properties of living tissues, Springer, New York.
4
[5] F.J. Masithulela, 2016, Computational biomechanics in the remodelling rat heart post myocardial infarction, PhD Thesis, University of Cape Town.
5
[6] F. Masithulela, Bi-ventricular finite element model of right ventricle overload in the healthy rat heart, Bio-medical Materials Engineering, Vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 507-525, 2006.
6
[7] F. Nemavhola, Detailed structural assessment of healthy interventricular septum in the presence of remodelling infarct in the free wall – A finite element model, Heliyon, Vol. 5, No. 6, e01841, 2019.
7
[8] F. Nemavhola, Fibrotic infarction on the LV free wall may alter the mechanics of healthy septal wall during passive filling, Bio-medical Materials Engineering, Vol. 28, No. 6, pp. 579-599, 2017.
8
[9] Z. Ndlovu, F. Nemavhola, D. Desai, Biaxial mechanical characterization and constitutive modelling of sheep sclera soft tissue, Russian Journal of Biomechanics, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 84‑96 , 2020.
9
[10] F. Nemavhola, Biaxial quantification of passive porcine myocardium elastic properties by region, Engineering Solid Mechanics, Vol. 5, No. 3, 155-166, 2017.
10
[11] F. Masithulela, The effect of over-loaded right ventricle during passive filling in rat filling heart: A biventricular finite element model, ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Vol. 3, 57380, V003T03A005, 2015.
11
[12] F. Masithulela, Analysis of passive filling with fibrotic myocardium infarction, ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Vol. 3, 57380, V003T03A004, 2015.
12
[13] A.H. Lee, S.E. Szczesny, M.H. Santare, D.M. Elliott, Investigating mechanisms of tendon damage by measuring multi-scale recovery following tensile loading, Acta Biomaterialia, Vol. 57, pp. 363‑372, 2017.
13
[14] A.R. Akintunde, K.S. Miller, Evaluation of microstructurally motivated constitutive models to describe age-dependent tendon healing, Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology, Vol. 17, pp. 793-814, 2018.
14
[15] J.L. Cook, E. Rio, C.R. Purdam, S.I. Docking, Revisiting the continuum model of tendon pathology: what is its merit in clinical practice and research? British Journal Sports Medicine, Vol. 50, No. 19, pp. 1187-1191, 2016.
15
[16] J.S. Lewis, Rotator cuff tendinopathy: a model for the continuum of pathology and related management, British Journal Sports Medicine, Vol44, No. 13, pp. 918-923, 2010.
16
[17] B.R. Freedman, J.A. Gordon, L.J. Soslowsky, The Achilles tendon: fundamanetal properties and mechanisms governing healing, Muscles Ligaments Tendons Journal, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 245-255, 2014.
17
[18] N.L. Leong, J.L. Kator, T.L. Clemens, A. James, M. Enamoto‑Iwamoto, J. Jiang, Tendon and ligament healing and current approaches to tendon and ligament regeneration, Journal of Orthopaedic Research, Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 7-12, 2020.
18
[19] S.E. Szczesny, D.M. Elliot, Incorporating plasticity of the interfibrillar matrix in shear lag models is necessary to replicate the multiscale mechanics of tendon fascicles, Journal of the Mechanical Behaviour of Biomedical Materials, Vol. 40, pp. 325-338, 2014.
19
[20] B.N. Safa, A.H. Lee, M.H. Santare, D.M. Elliott, Evaluating plastic deformation and damage as potential mechanisms for tendon inelasticity using a reactive modeling framework, Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, Vol. 141, No. 10, 1010081-10100810, 2019.
20
[21] P.A.L.S. Martins, R.M. Natal Jorge, A.J.M. Ferreira, A comparative study of several material models for prediction of hyperelastic properties: application to silicone‐rubber and soft tissues, Strain, Vol. 42, No. 3, 135-147, 2006.
21
[22] R.S. Rivlin, Large elastic deformations of isotropic materials. IV. Further developments of the general theory, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A, Vol. 241, No. 835, pp. 379-397, 1948.
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[23] O.H. Yeoh, Some forms of the strain energy function for rubber, Rubber Chemistry and Technology, Vol. 66, No. 5, pp. 754-771, 1993.
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[24] R.W. Ogden, 1984, Non-linear elastic deformations, Dover Publications, New York.
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[25] Mathworks® Inc. MATLAB, Documentation: Least-squares (model fitting) algorithms. Accessed from https://www.mathworks.com/help/optim/ug/least-squares-model-fitting-algorithms.html on 30/12/2019.
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[26] T. Wren, S. Yerby, G.S. Beaupré, D.R. Carter, Mechanical properties of the human Achilles tendon, Clinical Biomechanics, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 245-251, 2001.
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[27] G.A. Holzapfel, T.C. Gasser, R.W. Ogden, A new constitutive framework for arterial wall mechanics and a comparative study of material models, Journal of Elasticity and the Physical Science of Solids, Vol. 61, pp. 1-48, 2000.
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[28] R.W. Ogden, G. Saccomandi, I. Sgura, Fitting hyperelastic models to experimental data, Computational Mechanics, Vol. 34, pp. 484-502, 2004.
28
[29] M. Mooney, A theory of large elastic deformation, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 11, No. 9, pp. 582-592, 1940.
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Unified refined beam theory applied to the Spectral Finite Element Method for analysis of laminated composites.
Due to the limitation that the classical beam theories have in representing transversal shear stress fields, new theories, called high order, have been emerging. In this work, the principal high order theories are unified in single kinematics and applied to the Equivalent Single Layer Theory. The governing equations and the boundary conditions for laminated beams are consistent variational obtained. From the equilibrium equations, the high order spectral finite element model was developed using the polynomial functions of Hermite and Lagrange, with interpolants in the zeros of Lobatto's polynomials. Finally, to demonstrate the finite element model's outstanding efficiency, numerical results (static and dynamic) are shown and compared with the elasticity theory solution
https://jcamech.ut.ac.ir/article_78754_ac4588ad1d4fcc9cc19fd415e9f1e3d5.pdf
2021-03-01
44
60
10.22059/jcamech.2020.311116.562
laminated beams
ESL theory
Spectral Finite Element Method
Hilton
Souza Santana
hiltonmarquess@gmail.com
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão, Brazil
AUTHOR
Luis
R. Almeida
luisphilipealmeida@ctec.ufal.br
2
Federal University of Alagoas, Laboratory of Scientific Computing and Visualization Technology Center, Campus A. C. Simões, Maceió-AL, 57092-970, Brazil
AUTHOR
Fabio
Da Rocha
fcrocha@ufs.br
3
Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão, Brazil
LEAD_AUTHOR
[1] A. Sayyad, Y. Ghugal, Bending, buckling and free vibration of laminated composite and sandwich beams: A critical review of literature, Composite Structures, Vol. 171, 03/01, 2017.
1
[2] K. M. Liew, Z. Z. Pan, L. W. Zhang, An overview of layerwise theories for composite laminates and structures, Development, numerical implementation and application, Vol. 216, pp. 240-259, 5/15, 2019.
2
[3] R. K. Binia, K. Smitha, Engineering applications of laminated composites and various theories used for their response analysis, in Proceeding of, CRC Press, pp. 67.
3
[4] S. P. Timoshenko, LXVI. On the correction for shear of the differential equation for transverse vibrations of prismatic bars, The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, Vol. 41, No. 245, pp. 744-746, 1921.
4
[5] J. N. Reddy, A simple higher-order theory for laminated composite plates, 1984.
5
[6] G. Shi, G. Z. Voyiadjis, A sixth-order theory of shear deformable beams with variational consistent boundary conditions, Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 78, No. 2, 2011.
6
[7] S. A. Ambartsumyan, On theory of bending plates, Izv Otd Tech Nauk AN SSSR, Vol. 5, No. 5, 1958.
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[8] M. Touratier, An efficient standard plate theory, International journal of engineering science, Vol. 29, No. 8, pp. 901-916, 1991.
8
[9] K. Soldatos, A transverse shear deformation theory for homogeneous monoclinic plates, Acta Mechanica, Vol. 94, No. 3-4, pp. 195-220, 1992.
9
[10] M. Karama, K. Afaq, S. Mistou, Mechanical behaviour of laminated composite beam by the new multi-layered laminated composite structures model with transverse shear stress continuity, International Journal of solids and structures, Vol. 40, No. 6, pp. 1525-1546, 2003.
10
[11] S. Akavci, Buckling and free vibration analysis of symmetric and antisymmetric laminated composite plates on an elastic foundation, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 26, No. 18, pp. 1907-1919, 2007.
11
[12] C. H. Thai, A. Ferreira, S. P. A. Bordas, T. Rabczuk, H. Nguyen-Xuan, Isogeometric analysis of laminated composite and sandwich plates using a new inverse trigonometric shear deformation theory, European Journal of Mechanics-A/Solids, Vol. 43, pp. 89-108, 2014.
12
[13] A. S. Sayyad, Y. M. Ghugal, R. Borkar, Flexural analysis of fibrous composite beams under various mechanical loadings using refined shear deformation theories, Composites: Mechanics, Computations, Applications: An International Journal, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2014.
13
[14] Z. Kheladi, S. M. Hamza-Cherif, M. Ghernaout, Free vibration analysis of variable stiffness laminated composite beams, Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, pp. 1-28, 2020.
14
[15] J. N. Reddy, 2003, Mechanics of laminated composite plates and shells: theory and analysis, CRC press,
15
[16] P. Heyliger, J. Reddy, A higher order beam finite element for bending and vibration problems, Journal of sound and vibration, Vol. 126, No. 2, pp. 309-326, 1988.
16
[17] A. Żak, M. Krawczuk, Certain numerical issues of wave propagation modelling in rods by the Spectral Finite Element Method, Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, Vol. 47, No. 9, pp. 1036-1046, 2011.
17
[18] C. Willberg, S. Duczek, J. V. Perez, D. Schmicker, U. Gabbert, Comparison of different higher order finite element schemes for the simulation of Lamb waves, Computer methods in applied mechanics and engineering, Vol. 241, pp. 246-261, 2012.
18
[19] L. P. R. Almeida, H. M. Souza Santana, F. C. Da Rocha, Analysis of High-order Approximations by Spectral Interpolation Applied to One-and Two-dimensional Finite Element Method, Journal of Applied and Computational Mechanics, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 145-159, 2020.
19
[20] N. Pagano, Exact solutions for composite laminates in cylindrical bending, Journal of composite materials, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 398-411, 1969.
20
[21] G. Giunta, F. Biscani, S. Belouettar, A. Ferreira, E. Carrera, Free vibration analysis of composite beams via refined theories, Composites Part B: Engineering, Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 540-552, 2013.
21
[22] J. Reddy, Energy and variational principles in applied mechanics, 1984.
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[23] C. Pozrikidis, 2005, Introduction to finite and spectral element methods using MATLAB, CRC Press.
23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Application of Modal Testing for Non-destructive Material Identification of a Car Seat Frame
Material properties of a structure can be estimated using destructive and non-destructive methods. Experimental vibration data of the structure can be used to conduct a non-destructive procedure to identify material properties. In this research, experimental modal parameters obtained from modal testing are utilized to estimate the Young’s modulus and the density of different components of a car seat frame. To do so, the finite element model of the structure is constructed and the modal parameters are evaluated by performing modal analysis. The obtained modal parameters are then used in an inverse identification procedure and compared with the experimental counterparts to estimate the material properties of the structure in an optimization framework. The objective function is defined by comparing the numerical and experimental natural frequencies where the material properties are considered as the design parameters of the optimization process. To find the optimum design parameters, the response surface optimization technique is employed to alleviate the computational costs of direct optimization. To this end, the design of experiment method using the Box-Behnken design is conducted to create the design points. The kriging method is then utilized to construct the response surfaces. Finally, the nonlinear programming quadratic Lagrangian method is employed to evaluate the best estimations for the material properties using the response surface optimization method.
https://jcamech.ut.ac.ir/article_78851_ece654788c4d4e5b4272fcdb5d78db44.pdf
2021-03-01
61
68
10.22059/jcamech.2020.314803.574
Car Seat Frame
Material Identification
Mechanical Vibration
Modal Analysis
Response Surface Optimization
Mohammad
Sedaghati
sedaghati.m97@gmail.com
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Laleh
Fatahi
lfatahi@scu.ac.ir
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Shapour
Moradi
moradis@scu.ac.ir
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] J. H. Tam, Z. C. Ong, Z. Ismail, B. C. Ang, and S. Y. Khoo, Identification of material properties of composite materials using nondestructive vibrational evaluation approaches: A review, Mech. Adv. Mater. Struct., Vol. 24, No. 12, pp. 971–986, 2017.
1
[2] Y. Shi, H. Sol, and H. Hua, Material parameter identification of sandwich beams by an inverse method, J. Sound Vib., Vol. 290, No. 3–5, pp. 1234–1255, 2006.
2
[3] J. H. Tam, Z. C. Ong, Z. Ismail, B. C. Ang, S. Y. Khoo, and W. L. Li, Inverse identification of elastic properties of composite materials using hybrid GA-ACO-PSO algorithm, Inverse Probl. Sci. Eng., Vol. 26, No. 10, pp. 1432–1463, 2018.
3
[4] G. F. Gomes, Y. A. D. Mendez, P. da S. L. Alexandrino, S. S. da Cunha, and A. C. Ancelotti, A review of vibration based inverse methods for damage detection and identification in mechanical structures using optimization algorithms and ANN, Arch. Comput. Methods Eng., Vol. 26, No. 4, pp. 883–897, 2019.
4
[5] J. H. Tam, Identification of elastic properties utilizing non-destructive vibrational evaluation methods with emphasis on definition of objective functions: a review, Struct. Multidiscip. Optim., pp. 1–34, 2020.
5
[6] S. Syngellakis and R. Setiawan, Vibration tests and metamodelling for composite material characterization, WIT Trans. Eng. Sci. Characterisation VI, Vol. 77, pp. 113–125, 2013.
6
[7] J. H. Tam, Z. C. Ong, and K. W. Ho, Composite material identification using a two-stage meta-heuristic hybrid approach incorporated with a two-level FRF selection scheme, J. Sound Vib., Vol. 456, pp. 407–430, 2019.
7
[8] R. Viala, V. Placet, and S. Cogan, Identification of the anisotropic elastic and damping properties of complex shape composite parts using an inverse method based on finite element model updating and 3D velocity fields measurements (FEMU-3DVF): Application to bio-based composite violin soundboard, Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf., Vol. 106, pp. 91–103, 2018.
8
[9] S. L. C. Ferreira et al., Box-Behnken design: an alternative for the optimization of analytical methods, Anal. Chim. Acta, Vol. 597, No. 2, pp. 179–186, 2007.
9
[10] J. D. Martin and T. W. Simpson, Use of kriging models to approximate deterministic computer models, AIAA J., Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 853–863, 2005.
10
[11] SolidWorks. Dassault Systemes Inc, 2019.
11
[12] Ansys, Release 19.0 Theory Guide, ANSYS Inc, 2019.
12
[13] K. Schittkowski, NLPQL: A FORTRAN subroutine solving constrained nonlinear programming problems, Ann. Oper. Res., Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 485–500, 1986.
13
[14] S. Sakata, F. Ashida, and M. Zako, Structural optimization using Kriging approximation, Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., Vol. 192, No. 7–8, pp. 923–939, 2003.
14
[15] R. J. Allemang and D. L. Brown, A complete review of the complex mode indicator function (CMIF) with applications, in Proceedings of ISMA International Conference on Noise and Vibration Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium, 2006, pp. 3209–3246.
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Practical Study and Finite Element Simulation of Production Process of the Bush of Gearbox of Mercedes-Benz 10-Wheel Truck by Closed Die Forging
Nowadays, the closed die forging process is extensively applied to produce small to medium parts. The parts produced by this method show high strength, impact resistance, and toughness, which is the main advantage of this method compared to casting. Furthermore, the parts produced by this method are considerably close to the final shape of the designed part in terms of appearance compared to the open-die forging process, and the need for secondary operations such as finishing after the subjected process is significantly reduced. The present work investigates the production process with closed die forging of one of the most important parts of the gearbox of Mercedes-Benz 10-wheel truck, which is affected by various mechanical and thermal stresses in its working conditions. Finite element simulation results in ABAQUS software have been applied to analyze experiments for the purpose of evaluating the extent and type of impact of some important process parameters and also compared with the observed practical results. The results indicated that the initial temperature parameter of the workpiece has the highest effect on reducing the flow stress, and consequently, the required maximum force throughout the process. While the other evaluated parameters, i.e., press speed and mold temperature, have a smaller but undeniable impact.
https://jcamech.ut.ac.ir/article_79130_fd751d9d869eafb7294dc80a71594541.pdf
2021-03-01
69
84
10.22059/jcamech.2020.312296.568
Closed die forging
Hot forming
finite element simulation
Optimization
Peyman
Mashhadi Keshtiban
m.keshtiban@mee.uut.ac.ir
1
Urmia University of Technology
LEAD_AUTHOR
Amir
Taher
amirwarlock@gmail.com
2
Urmia University of Technology
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Mashhadi Keshtiban
mohsen_kashtiban@yahoo.com
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] M. Murugesan, D. W. Jung, Johnson Cook material and failure model parameters estimation of AISI-1045 medium carbon steel for metal forming applications, Materials, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 609, 2019.
1
[2] W. Zhuang, L. Hua, X. Wang, Y. Liu, L. Dong, H. Dai, The influences of process parameters on the preliminary roll-forging process of the AISI-1045 automobile front axle beam, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 837-846, 2016.
2
[3] Y.-J. Choi, S.-K. Lee, I.-K. Lee, S. K. Hwang, J. C. Yoon, C. Y. Choi, Y. S. Lee, M.-S. Jeong, Hot forging process design of sprocket wheel and environmental effect analysis, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, Vol. 32, No. 5, pp. 2219-2225, 2018.
3
[4] Y.-J. Kim, C.-H. Choi, A study on life estimation of hot forging die, International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 105-113, 2009.
4
[5] H.-Y. Kim, J.-J. Kim, N. Kim, Physical and numerical modeling of hot closed-die forging to reduce forging load and die wear, Journal of materials processing technology, Vol. 42, No. 4, pp. 401-420, 1994.
5
[6] E. Doege, R. Bohnsack, Closed die technologies for hot forging, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 98, No. 2, pp. 165-170, 2000.
6
[7] M. Bakhshi-Jooybari, I. Pillinger, P. Hartley, T. Dean, Finite element simulation and experimental study of hot closed-die upsetting, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol. 36, No. 9, pp. 1021-1032, 1996.
7
[8] K.-i. Mori, P. Bariani, B.-A. Behrens, A. Brosius, S. Bruschi, T. Maeno, M. Merklein, J. Yanagimoto, Hot stamping of ultra-high strength steel parts, CIRP Annals, Vol. 66, No. 2, pp. 755-777, 2017.
8
[9] C. I. Pruncu, C. Hopper, P. A. Hooper, Z. Tan, H. Zhu, J. Lin, J. Jiang, Study of the Effects of Hot Forging on the Additively Manufactured Stainless Steel Preforms, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, Vol. 57, pp. 668-676, 2020.
9
[10] D.-K. Min, M.-E. Kim, A study on precision cold forging process improvements for the steering yoke of automobiles by the rigid–plastic finite-element method, Journal of materials processing technology, Vol. 138, No. 1-3, pp. 339-342, 2003.
10
[11] W. R. Wilson, S. R. Schmid, J. Liu, Advanced simulations for hot forging: heat transfer model for use with the finite element method, Journal of materials processing technology, Vol. 155, pp. 1912-1917, 2004.
11
[12] Y.-j. ZHANG, W.-j. HUI, H. DONG, Hot forging simulation analysis and application of microalloyed steel crankshaft, Journal of Iron and Steel Research, International, Vol. 14, No. 5, pp. 189-194, 2007.
12
[13] A. Łukaszek-Sołek, J. Krawczyk, T. Śleboda, J. Grelowski, Optimization of the hot forging parameters for 4340 steel by processing maps, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 3281-3290, 2019.
13
[14] V. Alimirzaloo, F. R. Biglari, M. H. Sadeghi, P. M. Keshtiban, H. R. Sehat, A novel method for preform die design in forging process of an airfoil blade based on Lagrange interpolation and meta-heuristic algorithm, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 102, No. 9-12, pp. 4031-4045, 2019.
14
[15] Q. Zhang, S. Zhang, J. Li, Three dimensional finite element simulation of cutting forces and cutting temperature in hard milling of AISI H13 steel, Procedia Manufacturing, Vol. 10, pp. 37-47, 2017.
15
[16] T.-P. Hung, H.-E. Shi, J.-H. Kuang, Temperature modeling of AISI 1045 steel during surface hardening processes, Materials, Vol. 11, No. 10, pp. 1815, 2018.
16
[17] Dieter GE, Bacon DJ. Mechanical metallurgy. New York: McGraw-hill; 1986 Apr.
17
[18] Valberg HS. Applied metal forming: including FEM analysis. Cambridge University Press; 2010 Mar 31.
18
[19] R. Duggirala, R. Shivpuri, S. Kini, S. Ghosh, S. Roy, Computer aided approach for design and optimization of cold forging sequences for automotive parts, Journal of materials processing technology, Vol. 46, No. 1-2, pp. 185-198, 1994.
19
[18] Valberg HS. Applied metal forming: including FEM analysis. Cambridge University Press; 2010 Mar 31.
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Design of steel-wood-steel connections at the ambient and elevated temperature
The goal of this work is to study steel-wood-steel (S-W-S) connections in double shear with steel dowels submitted to fire. The design at the ambient temperature was based in Eurocode 5 part 1-1 to determine the number of dowels required based on the connection characteristics. To analyze the influence of these characteristics, connections with dowels diameters with 6, 8, 10 and 12 mm, wood type GL20h, GL24h, GL28h and GL32h and the applied load of 10, 15 and 20 kN were studied. The design at the elevated temperatures was based on the Eurocode 5 part 1-2 and Eurocode 3 part 1-2, to obtain the protection thickness required for fire safety. The protection materials used were the glued laminated timber (Glulam) and type F gypsum plasterboard. The analysis of different parameters and how they influence the connection, was studied clearly using the finite element method. The temperature field allows to determine the char layer in the connections with different wood densities, when unprotected, and compare the protection efficiency with two different types of materials. As conclusion, decreasing the dowels diameter and increasing the applied load, the number of the dowels will increase. With the increasing of the dowel diameters and the wood density, it is possible to observe that the fire capability in the S-W-S connections increases.
https://jcamech.ut.ac.ir/article_79875_888f45ac96bd72abb967c88473188e15.pdf
2021-03-01
85
101
10.22059/jcamech.2021.315728.579
S-W-S connection
Dowel
Fire
protection
Wood density
Elza
Fonseca
elzfon@gmail.com
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Insituto Politécnico do Porto. ISEP, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
LEAD_AUTHOR
Vania
Silva
1150498@isep.ipp.pt
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Insituto Politécnico do Porto. ISEP, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
AUTHOR
[1] K. Bell et al., 2008, Handbook 1-Timber Structures, Leonardo da Vinci Pilot Projects: Educational Materials for Designing and Testing of Timber Structures, TEMTIS.
1
[2] M. Tavakkol-khah, Klingsch W., 1997, Calculation model for predicting fire resistance time of timber members, Fire Safety Science-Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium, 5: 1201–1211.
2
[3] Laplanche K, Dhima D, and Racher P., 2006, Thermo-mechanical analysis of the timber connection under fire using 3D finite element model, 9th world conference on timber engineering WCTE, Portland/Oregon, USA, 1: 279–286.
3
[4] Frangi A, Schleifer V, Fontana M, Hugi E., 2010, Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Gypsum Plasterboards in Fire, Fire Technology, 46: 149–167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-009-0097-5
4
[5] CEN, EN1995-1-2: Eurocode 5. Design of timber structures. Part 1-2: General Structural fire design. Brussels, 2004.
5
[6] Cachim PB, Franssen Jean-Marc., 2010, Assessment of Eurocode 5 Charring Rate Calculation Methods, Fire Technology, 46: 169-181. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-009-0092-x
6
[7] Frangi A, Erchinger C, Fontana M., 2010, Experimental fire analysis of steel-to-timber connections using dowels and nails, Fire and Materials: An International Journal, 34(1): 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.994
7
[8] Fonseca EMM, Barreira LMS., 2011, Experimental and Numerical Method for Determining Wood Char-Layer at High Temperatures Due to An Anaerobic Heating, International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering, 1(1): 65–76. Doi: 10.2495/SAFE-V1-N1-65-76
8
[9] Peng L, Hadjisophocleus G, Mehaffey J, Mohammad M., 2011, Predicting the Fire Resistance of Wood-Steel-Wood Timber Connections, Fire Technology, 47: 1101-1119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-009-0118-4
9
[10] Peng L, Hadjisophocleus G, Mehaffey J, Mohammad M., 2011, On the Fire Performance of Double-shear Timber Connections, Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the tenth International Symposium, 1207–1218.
10
[11] Fonseca EMM, Coelho DCS, Barreira LMS., 2012, Structural safety in wooden beams under thermal and mechanical loading conditions, International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering, 2(3): 242–255. Doi: 10.2495/SAFE-V2-N3-242-255
11
[12] Norgaard J, Mydin O A., 2013, Drywall Thermal Properties Exposed to High Temperature and Fire Condition, Jurnal Teknologi, 62(1): 63–68.
12
[13] Fonseca EMM, Ramos HME, Silva HJG, Ferreira DRSM., 2013, Thermal Analysis of Wood-Steel Hybrid Construction, 4th International Conference on Integrity, Reliability and Failure, paper ref:4090.
13
[14] Loss C, Piazza M, Zandonini R., 2016, Connections for steel–timber hybrid prefabricated buildings, Part II: Innovative modular structures. Construction and Building Materials, 122: 796–808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.001
14
[15] Elza MM Fonseca, Pedro AS Leite, Lino Silva, 2020, Wood Connections Under Fire Conditions Protected with Gypsum Plasterboard Types A and F, Chapter No:7, Book: Advances in Fire Safety Engineering. CILASCI 2019. P. A. G. Piloto et al (Eds), Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 1. Cham, Springer Nature Switzerland, 93-106. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36240-9_7
15
[16] Elza MM Fonseca, Lino Silva, Pedro AS Leite, 2020, Numerical model to predict the effect of wood density in wood–steel–wood connections with and without passive protection under fire, Journal of Fire Sciences 2020, in Special Issue: 5th Iberian-latin-american congress on fire safety, P. A. G. Piloto et al (Eds): CILASCI 2019, 38(2): 122-135. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734904119884706
16
[17] Martins R, Fonseca EMM., 2018, Fire Behaviour of Protected W-S-W Connections with a Steel Plate as the Central Member and Different Dowels Diameter, International Journal of Science and Technology, 4(3): 60-78. https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/mijst.2018.43.6078
17
[18] Martins R, Fonseca EMM., 2018, W-S-W Connections with a Steel Plate as the Central Member and Different Dowels Diameter at High Temperature, In: 1st Iberic Conf. on Theoretical and Experimental Mechanics and Materials / 11th National Cong. on Experimental Mechanics, Ed. Gomes. INEGI/FEUP, 239-248.
18
[19] Fonseca EMM, Silva L, Leite P., 2019, Fire safety of wood-steel connections, In: 4th International Conference on Numerical and Symbolic Computation Developments and Applications – Developments and Applications, Ed. Amélia, Barbosa et al. APMTAC, 109-118.
19
[20] Débora M. Rodrigues, Alexandre Araújo, Elza M. M. Fonseca, Paulo A. G. Piloto, Jorge Pinto, 2017, Behaviour on Non-Loadbearing Tabique Wall Subjected to Fire – Experimental and Numerical Analysis. Journal of Building Engineering, 9:164-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2016.11.003
20
[21] David L. P. Couto, Elza M. M. Fonseca, Paulo A. G. Piloto, Jorge M. Meireles, Luísa M. S. Barreira, Débora R. S. M. Ferreira, 2016, Perforated cellular wooden slabs under fire: numerical and experimental approaches, Journal of Building Engineering, 8:218 - 224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2016.10.007
21
[22] CEN, EN1194:1999 Timber structures - Glued laminated timber – Strength classes and determination of characteristic values. Brussels, 1999.
22
[23] CEN, EN1993-1-1: Eurocode 3. Design of steel structures. Part 1-1: General rules and rules for building. Brussels, 2005.
23
[24] CEN, EN1993-1-2: Eurocode 3. Design of steel structures. Part 1-2: General rules - Structural Fire Design. Brussels, 2005.
24
[25] Mehaffey JR, Cuerrier P, Carisse G.A., 1994, A Model for Predicting Heat Transfer Through Gypsum Board/Wood-Stud Walls Exposed to Fire, Fire and Materials, 18: 297–305. https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.810180505
25
[26] CEN, EN1995-1-1: Eurocode 5. Design of timber structures. Part 1-1: General Common rules and rules for buildings. Brussels, 2004.
26
[27] CEN, EN1991-1-2: Eurocode 1. Action on structures. Part 1-2: General actions - Actions on Structures Exposed to Fire. Brussels, 2002.
27
[28] Harman KA, Lawson JR., 2007, A Study of Metal Truss Plate Connectors When Exposed to Fire, NISTIR 7393, National Institute of Standards and Technology.
28
[29] Peng L, Hadjisophocleous G, Mehaffey J, Mohammad M., 2011, On the Fire Performance of Double-shear Timber Connections, Fire Safety Science, 42: 1207-1218. Doi: 10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.10-1207
29
[30] Jean-Marc Franssen, Paulo Vila Real, 2015, Fire Design of Steel Structures, Published by: ECCS-European Convention for Constructional Steelwork, 2nd Edition.
30
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A new higher-order theory for the static and dynamic responses of sandwich FG plates
In this study, a static and free vibration analysis of single layer FG and sandwich FG plates is carried out using a fifth order shear and normal deformation theory. The displacement field of the present theory includes the terms considering the effect of transverse shear and normal deformation. Also, the terms of the thickness co-ordinate are expanded upto fifth order to predict the accurate bending behavior of the plates. The equations of motion are derived based on Hamilton’s principle, and further solved using Navier’s solution scheme. The present results of displacement, stresses and natural frequencies in sandwich FG plates are obtained and compared with other higher order theories available in literature to check the validity and efficacy of the theory.
https://jcamech.ut.ac.ir/article_79876_19210cbdd67d2dbb4091986930328f65.pdf
2021-03-01
102
125
10.22059/jcamech.2020.313152.569
Sandwich FG plates
Shear and normal deformation
static
dynamic
Atteshamuddin
Sayyad
attu_sayyad@yahoo.co.in
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Sanjivani College of Engineering, Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune, Kopargaon-423601, M.S., India
LEAD_AUTHOR
Bharti
Shinde
bhartishinde1987@yahoo.co.in
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Sanjivani College of Engineering, Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune, Kopargaon-423601, M.S., India
AUTHOR
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81
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Parametric study of Sandwich Plates with Viscoelastic, Auxetic Viscoelastic and Orthotropic Viscoelastic Core Using a New Higher Order Global-Local Theory
In this paper, sandwich plates with flexible core and composite surfaces as well as viscoelastic and auxetic core is investigated under dynamic loading. A new higher order global-local theory is used for simulation of the dynamic behavior of sandwich plate. Ability of simulation the thickness changes of the plate and calculation of exact transverse stresses which are so crucial for studying of thick sandwich plate especially by soft core are some of the important features of the presented theory. Furthermore, in terms of solving equations, an iterative incremental method based on the formulation of transient nonlinear finite element as well as a real time algorithm was employed to simulate viscoelastic behavior accurately. The results indicate a significant increase in the stiffness of the sandwich plate due to the auxetic properties of the core materials, leading consequently to the reduction of the vibration amplitude and stresses level. Some of the innovations belonging to this paper are: 1) presenting a global-local higher-order theory while considering the changes in the thickness of the sandwich plates; 2) calculating transverse stresses using the three-dimensional elasticity method as well as modifying the results obtained from displacement and inertial effects based on this method; 3) simulating sandwich plate with viscoelastic and auxetic cores; 4) taking orthotropic properties for the viscoelastic core into account.
https://jcamech.ut.ac.ir/article_80876_54c6b75a97df7ae96a6f610060dd8277.pdf
2021-03-01
126
153
10.22059/jcamech.2021.315105.575
Higher-order global-local theory
Sandwich plate
Soft core
Viscoelastic
Auxetic viscoelastic
Orthotropic viscoelastic
Aidin
Ghaznavi
aghaznavi@nri.ac.ir
1
Renewable Energies Department, Niroo Research Institute (NRI), Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad
Shariyat
m_shariyat@yahoo.com
2
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Lateral safety enhancement in a full dynamic vehicle model based on series active variable-geometry suspension
Today, the importance of providing safety and stability while paying attention to the ride comfort and providing road holding is of paramount importance. This issue has become more important due to the many accidents related to vehicle rollover. In this article, an attempt has been made to reduce the risk of rollover prevention of the vehicle while paying attention to the needs of the occupant and the road. In this research, an attempt has been made to reduce the overall acceleration of the GT vehicle by using a series of active variable geometry suspensions and by using a variety of control strategies such as Fuzzy PID, LQR, Sliding mode. In previous works, PID and Skyhook controllers have been used. However, in this study, the choice of the controllers is based on attention to accuracy and optimization while pay attention to control aims. This study was performed in conditions of severe asymmetric roughness and cornering maneuvers. The examination of the results shows an improvement of more than 20% for the goal of vehicle stability while providing other suspension goals. This performance improvement occurs with the effect of suspending variable geometry along with the use of a suitable controller. It should also be noted that the improvement achieved by consuming energy is far less than other suspensions, which is the strength of the research.
https://jcamech.ut.ac.ir/article_80877_d196bb5ea6c51ab5fb5678316050342a.pdf
2021-03-01
154
167
10.22059/jcamech.2021.311144.564
Vehicle safety
Fuzzy PID
Sliding mode
Series active variable-geometry suspension
Amin
Najafi
aminnjf9419@gmail.com
1
School of Automotive Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology
AUTHOR
Masoud
Masih-Tehrani
masih@iust.ac.ir
2
School of Automotive Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology
LEAD_AUTHOR
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35
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A review on the mechanics of inertial microfluidics
In a number of microfluidics-based systems where the Reynolds number is in an intermediate range, both viscosity and inertia are significant, and thus, plenty of interesting effects appear including inertial motion and secondary flow. In recent years, this rapidly expanding area of science has opened a new window of possibilities for micro-particle inertial focusing in high-throughput cellular separation and physiological fluids processing. Moreover, this science is applicable in bio-particle focusing in clinical diagnostics along with widespread applications in environmental cleanup. In this review, fundamental concepts governing the mechanics and physics of inertial microfluidics are discussed. Furthermore, recent mathematical frameworks and theoretical developments that have made this science what we know today are presented in detail. Finally, a number of possible futuristic promising directions in this novel field are proposed since, despite tremendous recent progress, this mainstream technology is still a nascent area of research.
https://jcamech.ut.ac.ir/article_79980_bbd7225a7c5da4bec917bee09ff636dc.pdf
2021-03-01
168
192
10.22059/jcamech.2021.319378.601
Microfluidics
Inertial terms
Microchannels
Ultrasmall particles
Cell isolation
Daniyal
Farajpour
farajpourdaniyal@gmail.com
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
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